How Swiss turning works
On a conventional lathe the bar is clamped at one end, so a slender part bends as the tool cuts further from the chuck. On a Swiss-type lathe the sliding headstock feeds the bar past the tool, and a guide bushing supports it right next to the cut, whatever the part length.
Gang tooling and live tools turn, drill, mill flats and cross holes while the bar is held; the sub-spindle picks off the part and finishes its back end, so it comes off complete. Short, stiff parts can run in guideless mode.
